John honeyman



(No Model.)

J. HONEYMAN.

VENTILATOR.

Patented Oct. 4, 1887.

FIG 6 FlG..5

flu/@7275? W N. PETERS. PA m|n-t UNITED STATES PATENT Grains.

JOHN HONEYMAN, OF GLASGOWV, COUNTY OF LANARK, SCOTLAND.

VENTILATOR.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,067, dated October4, 1887.

A nnlication filed July 7, 1856. Serial No. 207,377. (No model.)Patented in England November 18, 1985,No.14,113.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JOHN HONEYMAN, a citizen of the United Kingdom ofGreat Britain and Ireland, residing at Glasgow, in the county ofLanai-k, Scotland, have invented new and useful Improvements inVentilators; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear,and exact description of the invention, which will enable others skilledin the manufacture or art to which it relates to make and use the same.

This invention relates to improvements in n ptake or outlet ventilatorsapplicable to halls, churches, schools, and'other public buildings,dwelling-houses and the apartments thereof, stables, and situationsgenerally wherein it is required to effect ventilation or promoteaircurrents.

Figure 1, Sheet l, of the appended drawings is a transverse section,Fig. 2 a longitudinal vertical section, Fig. 3 a horizontal section, andFig. 4. a perspective View, of thcimproved ventilator constructed underone modification of the invention.

As seen by these figures, the apparatus consists of a box or chamber, A,which is shown to be rectangular, but which maybe of any desired form intransverse section. The box is divided into two compartments by apartition wall or diaphragm, B, extending across it centrally, andwherein 'an orifice or hole is made or a pipe or tube, 0, is inserted,so as to lie horizontally. From the ends of each compartment pipes,tubes, or air-trunks D extend to a position where they can communicatewith the outer atmosphere. These pipes, tubes, or air-trunks D are ofconsiderably larger area than the area of the pipe, tube, or orifice Cin the diaphragm B, andthey are preferably composed of or lined withzinc, sheetlead, or other metal not easily affected by damp, the outerends of the said trunks D being covered with wire or other guards toprevent the entrance of birds, rats, or the like therethrough.

As shown by Figs. 2 and 4, the lower side or bottom of each compartmentof the ventilating chamber or box A and its trunk D is sloped downwardfrom the central partition or wall B toward the outer ends of thetrunks, to

prevent the lodgment of rain or moisture in the bottom of theventilator; or the slope of the bottom may be toward the centraldivision, B, and means provided on each side of the said division tocatch and draw off water. The sides of each compartment of the chan1-her A are furnished with a series of valves, E, which may be composed ofsilk or other light and flexible material stretched on frames, but arepreferably made of thin metal, wood, or other equivalent substance andbalanced so as to be easily moved by air-pressure, these valves in anycase beingarranged to open in ward, both from external pressure and whena partial vacuum or inducing current is created in the compartmentsthrough the exhaustive or inducing action of the apparatus. An air orwind current in passing through the ventilator constructed ashereinbefore described enters by the air-trunk D into the compartment onone side or other of the mid-wall or diaphragm, B, and the pressurethereby engendered closes the valves E in that compartment, so shuttingoff communication between the said compartment and the space to beventilated, and effectually preventing downdraft. The trunk D throughwhich the air current is entering being of larger diameter than the pipeor passage 0, the air in passing through the said pipe or passage iscompressed, and issues from it into the other compartment D withconsiderably-increased velocity, which, creating a partial vacuum orinducingcurrent in the second compartment, first opens the valves Ethereof and thereafter draws in through the openings so constituted foulor vitiated air from the apartment or space being ventilated, the saidair, with the current through the pipe or orifice G, passing to theouter atmosphere through the air-trunk D. It is found that this actiontakes place even though the temperature of the air to be exhausted is aslow as that of the outer atmosphere, and it will be seen from theconstruction of the ventilator that under no circumstances (granting theapparatus to be in working order) can there be downdraft into thecompartment or building being ventilated, the valves E adording completeprotection.

Fig. 5, Sheet 1, illustrates in transverse section, Fig. 6 inlongitudinal vertical section, Fig. 7 in horizontal section, and Fig.Sin perspeetive, a modified form of the ventilator, and wherein twodividing or partition walls, H, are employed at the interior of the boxor chamber A, each of these dividing walls or diaphragms being furnishedwith a series of valves, 1, opening toward the air-trunks D. In thiscase the foul or vitiated air, instead of being drawn in through thesides of the ventilator, asin the preceding arrangement, passes inthrough the bottom of the space inclosed between the walls or partitionsH, (or it may pass in'at the top,) and is drawn out into one or other ofthe air-trunks D through the valves I by the inducing action set up bythe current of air passing through the pipe or channel J from oneairtrunk to the other.

The arrangement Figs. 1 to at is especially applicable to open roofs andthe arrangement Figs. 5 to 8 to ceilings or ceiled roofs, a trunk orpipe connected to the ventilator at X, Fig. 6, extending to or passingdown through the ceiling; or the aiixmay be drawn through open ings atY, Fi 7, as at Figs. 1 to 4, in which case the bottom of the spacebetween the partition H is closed.

The improved ventilators constructed under either modificationhereinbefore described may be put into turrets or gables or gablets inroofs, and the air-trunks may be curved or angled either Vertically orhorizontally, and a feature of the invention is that in applying theventilator to buildings the architectural effect of the structure is notor need not be interfered with, as the apparatus, instead of being setoutside the roof, in the usual way, may be set inside the roof, in whichcase the air-trunks are carried out to and terminated flush with theslates or other cleating on both sides, or they may take the form ofdormers, or be otherwise treated.

In buildings having two or more flats, for the ventilation of the underflats the apparatus may be set between the joists under flooring, theair-trunks Din that case being carried out to and terminated flush withthe outer walls.

Having now described the invention,what I desire to claim and secure byLetters Patent is- 1. The combination, with an air-trunk open at bothends and provided at an intermediate point with a central contractedpassage, of an opening in the side of said trunk near said contractedpassage for the admission of foul air, and valves over said openingsclosed by pressure within the air-trunk, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with an air trunk open at both ends, of a diaphragmplaced across said trunk at an intermediate point, and hav ing anopening or passage therethrough of much less area than the said trunk,an opening in the side of said trunk for the admission of foul air nearsaid diaphragm, and valves closed by the pressure of air within the pipeto prevent the escape of air through said opening, substantially as setforth.

3. In a ventilator, the combination of the air-trunk D, open at bothends and having a pair of perforated diaphragms, H, placed across it atsuitable distances apart, an opening in the side of the air-trunkbetween said diaphragms, a pipe, J, of much smaller area than the trunkD, open at both ends, forming a communication between the portions ofthe air-trunk on opposite sides ofthe diaphragms H, and valves I,closing against the outsides of the diaphragms, to prevent the escape ofair through the opening in the side of the airtrunk, substantially asset forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 23d day ofJune, 1886.

JOHN HONEYMAN. [n s]

